Friday, November 12, 2010

207 basic words in Italian

Italian Swadesh List: 207 Common Words

Italian Swadesh List Vocabulary

Swadesh List Vocabulary

  • 🔊 io (I)
    🔊 Io sono felice. - I am happy.
  • 🔊 tu (you, singular informal)
    🔊 Tu mangi pasta. - You eat pasta.
  • 🔊 lui (he)
    🔊 Lui è alto. - He is tall.

  • 🔊 mano (hand)
    🔊 La mano è forte. - The hand is strong.
  • 🔊 occhio (eye)
    🔊 Ho un occhio blu. - I have a blue eye.
  • 🔊 testa (head)
    🔊 La testa mi fa male. - My head hurts.

  • 🔊 cane (dog)
    🔊 Il cane abbaia. - The dog barks.
  • 🔊 gatto (cat)
    🔊 Il gatto dorme. - The cat sleeps.
  • 🔊 uccello (bird)
    🔊 L'uccello vola. - The bird flies.

  • 🔊 acqua (water)
    🔊 Bevo acqua. - I drink water.
  • 🔊 fuoco (fire)
    🔊 Il fuoco è caldo. - The fire is hot.
  • 🔊 sole (sun)
    🔊 Il sole brilla. - The sun shines.

  • 🔊 pane (bread)
    🔊 Mangio pane. - I eat bread.
  • 🔊 carne (meat)
    🔊 La carne è buona. - The meat is good.
  • 🔊 frutta (fruit)
    🔊 Compro frutta. - I buy fruit.

  • 🔊 mangiare (to eat)
    🔊 Mangio una mela. - I eat an apple.
  • 🔊 bere (to drink)
    🔊 Bere acqua è sano. - Drinking water is healthy.
  • 🔊 andare (to go)
    🔊 Vado a scuola. - I go to school.

  • 🔊 grande (big)
    🔊 La casa è grande. - The house is big.
  • 🔊 piccolo (small)
    🔊 Ho un piccolo cane. - I have a small dog.
  • 🔊 buono (good)
    🔊 Il pane è buono. - The bread is good.

  • 🔊 qui (here)
    🔊 Vivo qui. - I live here.
  • 🔊 là (there)
    🔊 Il libro è là. - The book is there.
  • 🔊 quando (when)
    🔊 Quando mangi? - When do you eat?

  • 🔊 in (in)
    🔊 Vivo in città. - I live in the city.
  • 🔊 su (on)
    🔊 Il gatto è su tavolo. - The cat is on the table.
  • 🔊 con (with)
    🔊 Vado con amici. - I go with friends.
Basic Italian Grammar

Noun Gender and Number: Italian nouns are masculine or feminine and can be singular or plural. For example:

  • Masculine singular: il sole (the sun)
  • Masculine plural: i soli (the suns, rare)
  • Feminine singular: l'acqua (the water)
  • Feminine plural: le acque (the waters)

Verb Conjugation (Present Tense): Regular verbs like *mangiare* (-are) and irregular verbs like *bere* conjugate as follows:

  • Mangiare: io mangio, tu mangi, lui/lei mangia
  • Bere: io bevo, tu bevi, lui/lei beve

Adjective Agreement: Adjectives agree in gender and number with the noun. For example:

  • Casa grande (big house, feminine singular)
  • Cani piccoli (small dogs, masculine plural)

Prepositions: Prepositions like *in*, *su*, and *con* combine with articles in certain cases (e.g., *in + la = nella*).

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